Conditional Sentences / If-Clauses Type I, II und III

Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled. There are three types of Conditional Sentences.

Conditional Sentence Type 1

It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form: if + Simple Present, will-Future

Example: If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.

Conditional Sentence Type 2

→ It is possible but very unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form: if + Simple Past, Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)

Example: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.

Conditional Sentence Type 3

→ It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers to the past.

Form: if + Past Perfect, Conditional II (= would + have + Past Participle)

Example: If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.

The past perfect progressive puts emphasis on the course or duration of an action taking place before a certain time in the past.

Form

• A: He had been talking.
• N: He had not been talking.
• Q: Had he been talking?

Use

• action taking place before a certain time in the past
• sometimes interchangeable with past perfect simple
• puts emphasis on the course or duration of an action

signal words

• for, since, the whole day, all day

Past Perfect Simple

The past perfect simple expresses an action taking place before a certain time in the past.

Form of Past Perfect Simple

Exceptions in Spelling when Adding ed

Signal Words

• already, just, never, not yet, once, until that day (with reference to the past, not the present)
• If-Satz Typ III (If I had talked, …)

   Read the following text, Choose the best words for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on Answer Sheet .
Teachers need to be aware of the emotional , intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious ( a,thought. b,idea  c.opinion d.advice) to how they can best (a, strengthenb, accommodate, c stimulate, d, enhance) each changes. Growing bodies needs movement and (care,nutrition exercise leisure), but not just in ways that emphasize competition. (if,although,exercise, leisure )they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the (assistance, guidance, confidence, tolerance) that come from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are(claimed, admired, ignored, surpassed) by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be (improper, risky , fair, wise ) to plan activities in which there are more winnders than losers, (in effect , as a result, for example, in a sense) , publishing newsletters with manty student-written book reviews, (displaying, describing, creating,,exchanging) student artwork, and sponsoership, as well as for practice in successful(durable, excessive, surplus, multiple)dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the (consent, insurance, admission, security) of some kind of organization with a supportive adult (particularly, barely, definitely, rarely) visible in the background

引用

Help Please

Few stocks trade on emotion the way Apple Inc. does. Its rip-roaring initial public offering in 1980 created the template for modern tech mania, while making Steve Jobs a gazillionaire. When the company fell on hard times in the mid-1990s, no amount of good news could pierce the cloud of doom hanging over investors. Now, with the launch of the hugely hyped iPhone in a few weeks, momentum investors are driving Apple shares to unexplored territory. The stock has doubled in the past year, to 122. Apple's market cap recently topped $100 billion for the first time
 
Something below I can not understand well . Please help

 On emotions ------- do things depend on the emotion?
 The cloud of doom hanging over intestors--------------- The cloud of let investors dispress?

Few stocks trade on emotion the way Apple Inc. does. Its rip-roaring initial public offering in 1980 created the template for modern tech mania, while making Steve Jobs a gazillionaire. When the company fell on hard times in the mid-1990s, no amount of good news could pierce the cloud of doom hanging over investors. Now, with the launch of the hugely hyped iPhone in a few weeks, momentum investors are driving Apple shares to unexplored territory. The stock has doubled in the past year, to 122. Apple's market cap recently topped $100 billion for the first time
 
Something below I can not understand well . Please help

 On emotions ------- do things depend on the emotion?
 The cloud of doom hanging over intestors--------------- The cloud of let investors dispress?